A number set by the American Standards Assoc., which is placed on film stock to allow calculation of the length and "F" number of an exposure. Reference, "F" numbers.

The non-colors... black, white and gray.

A water-soluble polymer used in paints to make them dry both tough and flexible.

This refers to a manual process whereby an air stream is blown onto paper sheets to create a riffling effect that separates the sheets as they are fed to the printing press.

A type size of 5 1/2 points. Reference, agate line.

In newspaper classifieds, a measurement denoting 1/4 inch depth by one column width. 14 agate lines = one column inch.

A wood pulp paper with an antique finish used for pages of photo albums.

A surface plate used in the lithography process; it has a photosensitive coating.

A coated paper used in photography; the coating is made of albumen (egg whites) and ammonium chloride.

The condition of type and or art materials as they level up on a horizontal or vertical line.

Also called reflex blue. A pigment used in carbon black inks and varnishes to improve luster.

A term for a random, coincidental path or a row of white space within a segment of copy.

Red-orange acetate used for masking mechanicals when photographing for plates. The amberlith area appears black to the camera, and prints clear on the resulting film.

In lithography, a plate manufactured with a barrier of aluminum oxide, which prevents chemical reactions that break down the plate; it provides optimum press performance.

An eleventh century Italian script typeface.

A handmade paper (53 x 31 inches), largest known handmade paper.

Paper with a rough, sized surface used for book and cover stock.

An antioxidant agent used to prevent inks from skinning over in the can.

The white area of text (or illustrations) at the margins which form a foldout.

A printing process that uses the recessed areas of the plate; ideal for graded and even tones.

Water soluble plate coatings, which are less toxic and less polluting.

A light source produced by the passing of electric current between two electrodes; used in the production of plates in photolithography.

Those elements of letters that branch out from the stem of a letter, such as: "K" and "Y".

A symbol shaped like an arrowhead that is used in illustration to direct a leader line. Reference, leader line

A paper evenly coated with a fine clay compound, which creates a hard smooth surface on one or both sides.

Any materials or images that are prepared for graphic reproduction.

An envelope that is lined with an extra fine paper; can be colored or patterned.

All illustrated material, ornamentation, photos and charts etc., that is prepared for reproduction.

In gravure printing, (recessed areas of plate hold ink), a term used for proofs showing the final position of color images.

Any part of a lower case letter which rises above the main body of the letter such as in "d", "b" and "h".

Film negatives consisting of line and halftone copy which are used to make plates for printing.

In illustration, a term used to describe a view of a drawing in its assembled or whole format.

Changes made after composition stage where customer is responsible for additional charges.

A printing method whereby the image is hand drawn or etched directly onto lithography plates or stones.

Any photo materials which provide positive images without a negative.

An abbreviation for boldface, used to determine where boldface copy is to be used. Reference, boldface.

The fixing of a material, either paper or cloth, to the back of a book before it is bound. Reference: case binding.

A term referring to the margin which lies closest to the back of the book.

The collation of book signatures according to reference marks which are printed on the back fold of each section.

Print applied to both sides of a sheet of paper.

That portion of the binding, which connects the front of the book with the back of the book; also called "back".

That portion of a photograph or line art drawing that appears furthest from the eye; the surface upon which the main image is superimposed.

Any type that tilts to the left or backward direction; opposite of italic type.

Marks printed on signatures that indicate where the final fold will occur. When gathering and initial folding is completed, these marks appear as a stepped sequence.

A term used to describe the aesthetic or harmony of elements, whether they are photos, art or copy, within a layout or design.

In an illustration, any line which encircles copy, or dialogue.

A thin uncoated stock used for making carbon copies.

Also called wallet flap; the wallet flap has more rounded flap edges.

The primary headline usually spanning the entire width of a page.

A device with two sets of thin metal doors (horizontal and vertical) placed before a light source to control the direction of light.

A coating that is applied onto the non-printing side of paper to add to the opacity of that paper. Reference, opacity.

A coated stock (barium sulfate compound) used for text impressions on typesetting machines.

A three dimensional impression is which the image stands just slightly out from the flat background. References, blind emboss.

The support onto which printing plates is fixed.

The foundation material onto which the film positives are stripped for making printing plates. Reference, photomechanical.

This is a term used to describe the imaginary horizontal line upon which stand capitals, lower case letters, punctuation points etc.

This term refers to a standard size of paper stock; even though the required size may be smaller or larger.

Basis or basic weight refers to the weight, in pounds, of a ream (500 sheets) of paper cut to a given standard size for that particular paper grade.

The steel flat table of a cylinder printing press upon which the type sits during the printing process.

A thin but strong paper (opaque), used for Bibles and books.

A plate which is used in long print runs; the printing image is copper or brass, and the non-printing area is aluminum or stainless steel.

A heavy paperboard with a cloth covering that is used for hardback binding of books.

Various methods of securing folded sections together and or fastening them to a cover, to form single copies of a book.

The etching process in photoengraving requires the application of an acid; the length of time this acid is left to etch out an image is referred to as its bite. The more bites, the deeper the etched area.

An old style of typeface used in Germany in the 15th century, also referred to as Old English (US) and Gothic (UK).

Also referred to as black patch; a piece of masking material which is used in layout to mask an area leaving a window into which another element can be stripped.

A black paper used to protect photosensitive materials.

Refers to the film portion of the color separation process that prints black; increases the contrast of neutral tones.

Darkening a portion of a sheet of paper due to the excessive pressure of the calendar roll. Reference, calendar.

On offset presses a fabric-reinforced sheet of rubber to transfer the impression from the plate onto the paper.

A printing method in which there are two blanket cylinders through which a sheet of paper is passed and printed on both sides.

Extra ink area that crosses trim line, used to allow for variations that occur when the reproduction is trimmed or die-cut.

A design or bas relief impression that is made without using inks or metal foils.

Embossed forms that are not inked, or gold leafed.

Page number not printed on page.

A problem that arises in the lithography process when an image loses its ink receptivity and fails to print.

Although seemingly dry, paper does contain approximately 5% moisture. In cases where there is excessive moisture, and the paper is passed through a high heat-drying chamber, the moisture within the paper actually boils and causes a bubble or blistering effect.

Illustrations or line art etched onto zinc or copper plates and used in letterpress printing.

To sketch the primary areas and points of reference of an illustration in preparation for going to final design or production.

The resistance of coated papers to blocking. Reference, blocking.

The adhesion of one coated sheet to another, causing paper tears or particles of the coating to shed away from the paper surface.

To mask a section of an art layout before reproduction.

Any enlargement of photos, copies or line art.

Photographic proof made from flats for checking accuracy, layout and imposition before plates are made. Also known as a dylux.

The main shank or portion of the letter character other than the ascenders and descenders. Also: A term used to define the thickness or viscosity of printer's ink.

The point size of a particular type character.

Repetitive blocks of type that are picked up and included routinely without recreating them.

Any type that has a heavier black stroke that makes it more conspicuous.

The edges of folded sheets of paper, which are trimmed off in the final stages of production.

A grade of durable writing, printing and typing paper that has a standard size of 17x22 inches.

A general classification to describe papers used to print books; its standard size is 25x38 inches. A printed work which contains more than 64 pages.

A term given the unfinished stage of bookmaking when the pages are folded, gathered and stitched-in but not yet cover bound.

A registration problem, usually on copiers, where the image appears to bounce back and forth. A bounce usually occurs in one direction depending on how the paper is passing through the machine. This is usually accented by card stock (especially if it's over the machine's spec). When a customer refuses a job for whatever reason.

A pressure sensitive color film that is used to prepare color art.

A lightweight paper used expressly for covering paper boxes.

A glossy coated paper used to cover paper boxes.

A coated paper used on the inside of boxes, which are used for food.

A character " }" used to group lines, or phrases.

In layout design, the term for dividing or separating the art and copy elements into single color paste-up sheets.

A board paper of various thickness; having a smooth finish and used for printing and drawing.

A term given to the fold whereby paper is folded with the short side running with the grain.

A heavily embossed paper.

A pamphlet that is bound in booklet form.

A printing method whereby special ink is applied to sheets and then a powder is applied producing a metallic effect.

A photographic proof made by exposing a flat to UV light creating a brown image on a white background. Also referred to as silverprint.

A portion of the binding machinery with rollers that fold the paper.

A process used in halftone photography that entails the temporary removal of the screen during exposure. This increases the highlight contrast and diminishes the dots in the whites.

A term used in plate making to describe the amount of plate exposure time.

A term used for the process of "rubbing down" lines and dots on a printing plate, which darkens those rubbed areas.

Creating a polished finish on paper by rubbing with stone or hand smoothing a surface.

A binding technique that entails nicking the backfold in short lengths during the folding process, which allows glue to reach each individual leaf and create a strong bond.

A strong paper used to wrap electrical cables.

A pigment made from cadmium sulfide and cadmium selenide.

A series of metal rolls at the end of a paper machine; when the paper is passed between these rolls it increases its smoothness and glossy surface.

The measurement of thickness of paper expressed in thousandths of an inch or mils.

A term given to any copy, artwork etc., that is prepared for photographic reproduction.

A pigment made of elemental carbon and ash.

A color printing process utilizing pigmented gelatin coatings on paper, which become the resist for etching gravure plates or cylinders.

A chemical pulp paper (calcium carbonate), used mostly for the printing of magazines.

A rough finished paper used for wrapping.

The stiff covers of a hardbound book.

Books bound using hard board (case) covers.

A milk byproduct used as an adhesive in making coated papers.

The process of placing in and adhering a book to its case covers.

A paper that is coated and then pressure dried using a polished roller which imparts an enamel like hard gloss finish.

A term to describe that period of the printing process where the non-image areas can take on ink or debris.

Halftone screens commonly used in newsprint; up to 85 lines per inch.

Paper coated with clay, white pigments and a binder. Better for printing because there is less picking.

Printing papers used for printing projects that require a special treatment of detail and shading.

Any paper that has a mineral coating applied after the paper is made, giving the paper a smoother finish.

Any color that moves toward the blue side in the color spectrum.

A variety of inks that are in solid form originally but are melted in a hot press and then solidify when they contact paper.

To gather sheets or signatures together in their correct order. (see Gather)

Black step-marks printed on the back of folded sheets, to facilitate collating and checking of the sequence of book signatures.

Black step-marks printed on the back of folded sheets, to facilitate collating and checking of the sequence of book signatures.

A printers or publishers identifying symbol or emblem.

This term refers to a color test strip, which is printed on the waste portion of a press sheet. It is a standardized (GATF-Graphic Arts Technical Foundation) process which allows a pressman to determine the quality of the printed material relative to ink density, registration, and dot gain. It also includes the Star Target, which is a similar system designed to detect inking problems.

The processes of separating the primary color components for printing.

A term referring to the relative amount of pigmentation in an ink.

Transparent film containing a positive photographic color image.

Space between two or more columns of type on one page.

Color registration measured within plus or minus one row of dots.

The assembly of characters into words, lines and paragraphs of text or body matter for reproduction by printing.

A narrow, elongated type face.

A print made from contact of a sensitive surface to a negative or positive photograph.

Image made of non-discernable picture elements which give appearance of continuous spectrum of grey values or tones.

The degree of tonal separation or gradation in the range from black to white.

Refers to any typewritten material, art, photos etc., to be used for the printing process.

Marks on a final printed sheet that indicate the trim lines or register indicators.

A term describing a general type of papers used for the covers of books, pamphlets etc.

Delamination.

When the rubber blanket on a cylinder moves forward due to contact with the plate or paper. Result of added thickness of folded sheets being behind one another in a folded signature. Outer edges of sheets creep away from back most fold as more folded sheets are inserted inside the middle.

To eliminate a portion of the art or copy as indicated by crop marks.

Markings at edges of original or on guide sheet to indicate the area desired in reproduction with negative or plate trimmed (cropped) at the markings.

Elements that cross page boundaries and land on two consecutive pages (usually rules).

Marks of fine lines, which intersect to indicate accurate alignment of art elements.

A term used to describe the effect of ink from an image, rule or line art on one printed page, which carries over to another page of a bound work.

Machine for accurately cutting stacks of paper to desired dimensions...can also be used to crease. Also trims out final bound books' top size (soft cover).

Sharp edged device, usually made of steel, to cut paper, cardboard, etc., on a printing press.

A shade of blue used in the four-color process; it reflects blue and green and absorbs red.

The rough or feathered edge of paper when left untrimmed.

The etching or removal of any unwanted areas of a plate to create more air or white space on the finished product.

An instruction given to remove an element from a layout.

A term that describes a standard sized printing paper measuring 17.5 x 22.5 in.

An optical device used by printers and photographers to measure and control the density of color.

The lay of paper fibers relative to tightness or looseness which affects the bulk, the absorbency and the finish of the paper.

The degree of tone, weight of darkness or color within a photo or reproduction; measurable by the densitometer. Reference, densitometer.

Design, letters or shapes, cut into metal (mostly brass) for stamping book covers or embossing. An engraved stamp used for impressing an image or design.

A method of using sharp steel ruled stamps or rollers to cut various shapes i.e. labels, boxes, image shapes, either post press or in line. The process of cutting paper in a shape or design by the use of a wooden die or block in which are positioned steel rules in the shape of the desired pattern.

An intaglio process for printing from images engraved into copper or steel plates.

Color separation data is digitally stored and then exposed to color photographic paper creating a picture of the final product before it is actually printed.

A term in gravure printing which refers to the knife-edge that runs along the printing cylinder; its function is to wipe the excess ink away from the non-printing areas.

Darkening of halftone image due to ink absorption in paper causing halftone dots to enlarge. Terms to describe the occurrence whereby dots are printing larger than they should.

A method used by ink makers to determine the color, quality and tone of ink. It entails the drawing of a spatula over a drop of ink, spreading it flat over the paper.

Page number printed at foot of page.

A shadow image placed strategically behind an image to create the affect of the image lifting off the page.

Pasting with heat sensitive adhesives.

Any matte finished paper.

A term used to describe the preliminary assemblage of copy and art elements to be reproduced in the desired finished product; also called a comp.

Color reproduction from monochrome original. Keyplate usually printed in dark color for detail, second plate printed in light flat tints. A two-color halftone reproduction generated from a one-color photo.

Paper which has a different color or finish on each side.

A process of generating a prepress proof in which paper is electronically exposed to the color separation negatives; the paper is passed through the electrically charged pigmented toners, which adhere electrostatically, resulting in the finished proof.

Halftone screens in which the dots are actually elongated to produce improved middle tones.

A method of paper finishing whereby a pattern is pressed into the paper when it is dry.

A light sensitive substance used as a coating for film; made from a silver halide compound. This side should face the lens when the film is exposed.

A term that describes a glossy coating on paper.

A grade of uncoated book paper with a smooth uniform surface.

A printing process whereby images such as copy or art are etched onto a plate. When ink is applied, these etched areas act as small wells to hold the ink; paper is forced against this die and the ink is lifted out of the etched areas creating raised images on the paper.

The form used by the printer to calculate the project for the print buyer. This form contains the basic parameters of the project including size, quantity, colors, bleeds, photos etc.

The process of producing an image on a plate by the use of acid.

Type with width greater than normal producing a rectangular effect.

That stage of the photographic process where the image is produced on the light sensitive coating.

A white pigment added to a colored pigment to reduce its intensity and improve its working qualities.

Paper folding that emulates an accordion or fan, the folds being alternating and parallel.

Type that is quite varied in its use of very thin and very wide strokes.

A cloth conveyor belt that receives papers from the Fourdrinier wire and delivers it to the drier.

The smoother side of paper, usually a soft weave pattern used for book papers.

A fault in printing where the ink fills in the fine line or halftone dot areas.

The surface quality of paper.

Dull - (low gloss) also matte or matte gloss.

A term given to the lowest temperature of ignitibility of vapors given off by a substance.

In lithography, the assembly of photographic negatives or positives on vinyl acetate for exposure in vacuum frame in contact with sensitized metal press plate.

Paper that is patterned by sizing, and than coated with powders of wool or cotton, (flock).

Also called liquid ink; ink with a low viscosity.

A bound book or booklet etc. having the cover trimmed to the same size as the text.

The results of combining a wet ink pigment with a varnish and having the wet pigment mix or transfer over to the varnish.

Lowering density of an image in a specific area usually to make type more legible while still letting image show through.

Papers that have a surface resembling metal.

Markings at top edges that show where folds should occur.

Machine used to fold signatures down into sections.

Number of page at top or bottom either centered, flushed left or flushed right often with running headline.

The characters which make up a complete typeface and size.

The rollers that come into direct contact with the plate of a printing press.

In Binding, the process between folding sheets and casing in, such as rounding and backing, putting on headbands, reinforcing backs, etc.

Any paper that is free from wood pulp impurities.

Folder with printing on one side so that when folded once in each direction, the printing on outside of the folds.

Colors that lose tone and permanency when exposed to light.

Group of frames or impositions in the same forme of different jobs arranged and positioned to be printed together.

The bundling of two or more different printing projects on the same sheet of paper.

To assemble or collect sections into single copies of complete books for binding.

Assembling sheets of paper and signatures into their proper sequence; collating.

Image which appears as a lighter area on a subsequent print due to local blanket depressions from previous image areas on a letterpress rotary machine as well as on an offset press.

Marring a print by the placement of an image of work printed on the reverse side which has interfered with its drying so that differences in the trapping frame colors or glass variations are apparent.

Sticking on gold leaf to edges of books with a liquid agent and made permanent with burnishing tools.

Quick drying oil based inks with low penetration qualities, used on coated stock.

An area of image where halftone dots range continuously from one density to another.

Direction of fibers in a sheet of paper governing paper properties such as increased size changes with relative humidity, across the grain, and better folding properties along the grain.

A paper embossed to resemble various textures, such as leather, alligator, wood, etc.

An intaglio or recessed printing process. The recessed areas are like wells that form the image as paper passes through.

A series of metal fingers that hold each sheet of paper as it passes through the various stages of the printing process.

The grippers of the printing press move the paper through the press by holding onto the leading edge of the sheet; this edge is the gripper edge.

Low cost papers such as newsprint made by the mechanical pulping process as opposed to chemical pulping and refining.

The application of gum arabic to the non printing areas of a plate.

Space between pages in the printing frame of a book, or inside margin towards the back or binding edge. The blank space or margin between the type page and the binding of a book.

Printing registration that lies within the range of plus or minus one half row of dots. It is the thinnest of the standard printers' rules.

Tone graduated image composed of varying sized dots or lines, with equidistant centers.

A high finish paper that is ideal for halftone printing.

A sheet of film or glass containing ruled right-angled lines, used to translate the full tone of a photo to the halftone dot image required for printing.

The effect in a photograph where a dot has such a small degree of halation that the dot shows quite sharp.

That space which lies between the top of the printed copy and the trimmed edge.

Imperfections in presswork due to dirt on press, trapping errors, etc.

An adhesive used in the binding process, which requires heat for application.

That portion of the printing plate that carries the ink and prints on paper.

Arrangement of pages so that they print correctly on a press sheet, and the pages are in proper order when the sheets are folded.

Product resulting from one cycle of printing machine. The pressure of the image carrier, whether it be the type, plate or blanket, when it contacts the paper.

A term used to denote papers such as janitorial, sanitary or heavy packing papers.

The device which stores and meters ink to the inking rollers.

A quality of paper to be resistant to ink absorption, allowing the ink to dry on the paper surface.

The inertial resistance to flow that occurs to ink as soon as it is printed.

Extra printed pages inserted loosely into printed pieces.

Extra blank pages inserted loosely into book after printing.

A coated stock finished in mother-of-pearl.

The narrowing of space between two letters so that they become closer and take up less space on the page.

The use of symbols, usually letters, to code copy that will appear on a dummy.

Lines that are drawn on artwork that indicate the exact placement, shape and size of elements including halftones, illustrations etc.

A delicate printed impression, just heavy enough to be seen.

A clear gloss coating applied to printed material for strength, appearance and protection.

A paper cutting technique whereby laser technology is utilized to cut away certain unmasked areas of the paper. The cutting is a result of the exposure of the paper to the laser ray, which actually evaporates the paper.

Edge of a sheet of paper being fed into a printing press.

Space between lines of type; the distance in points between one baseline and the next.

One of a number of folds (each containing two pages) which comprises a book or manuscript.

A metal die, either (flat, or embossed), created from the image or copy, which is then heated to a specific temperature which allows the transfer of a film of pigmented polyester to the paper.

A stiff heavy business paper generally used for keeping records.

The optimum length of a filament of ink.

Printing that utilizes inked raised surfaces to create the image.

Any copy that can be reproduced without the use of halftone screens.

The process of printing that utilizes flat inked surfaces to create the printed images.

The actual weight of 1000 sheets of any given size of paper.

Paper that has had a coating applied to either one or two of its sides during the papermaking process.

An alternate term for grain direction.

A paper finish that results from the interaction of the paper with the Fourdrinier process as opposed to post machine embossing. Reference, Fourdrinier

Process of adjusting final plate on the press to fine tune or modify plate surface.

To write up instructions, as on a dummy.

The blocking out of a portion of the printing plate during the exposure process.

A photo negative or positive used in the color separation process to color correct. Reference, PRINTING, mask.

Photographic proof made from all color flats and form composite proof showing color quality as well as accuracy, layout, and imposition before plates are made.

A coated paper finish that goes through minimal calendaring. Reference, calendaring.

The width of type as measured in picas. Reference, picas.

A term used to describe finished artwork that is camera ready for reproduction, including all type, photos, illustrations etc.

Commonly taken as the area between highlight and shadow area of a subject's face in halftone image.

An undesirable halftone pattern produced by the incorrect angles of overprinting halftone screens.

A cotton fabric used on the dampening rollers of a printing press.

A term used to describe spotty or uneven ink absorption.

A term to describe papers that have a color similar to that of wood; also called cream, off-white or ivory.

Film that contains the same images as the original print, except that all colors and shades are reversed. Reference, positive.

A light, low cost groundwood paper made especially for newspapers. Reference, groundwood.

When the basis weight of paper differs from the actual weight, the term nominal weight is used.

When two sheet passes on a press are misaligned.

A term used to describe printed books, catalogs etc., that are bound on their shorter side; also referred to as album bound.

The most commonly used printing method, whereby the printed material does not receive the ink directly from the printing plate but from an intermediary cylinder called a blanket which receives the ink from the plate and transfers it to the paper.

A complex offset process involving multiple transfers between the gravure plate, the plate cylinder and a solid rubber plate.

Indirect printing method in which the inked image on the press-plate is first printed onto a rubber blanket, then in turn offsets the inked impression on to the sheet of paper.

A term for uncoated book paper.

A light bond paper used for typing and used with carbon paper because of its thinness.

Quality of papers that defines its opaqueness or ability to prevent two-sided printing from showing through.

A quality of paper that allows relatively little light to pass through.

Ink that completely covers any ink under itself.

Surplus of copies printed.

A cover of a book that extends over the trimmed signatures it contains.

A transparent sheet placed over artwork, in register with the work it covers; this is used to call out other color components of the work, instructions or corrections.

A process of proof making whereby the color separations are individually exposed to light sensitive film. This film is then set in registration with a piece of white paper in the background.

Any printing that is done on an area that has already been printed.

Type that is set in excess of the allotted space.

Photomechanical transfer.

One side of a leaf.

Proofs made up from pages.

Any paper with a thickness (caliper) of 12 points (.3mm) or more.

A high-grade soft paper used for personal stationery because it accepts handwriting well.

A hard finished paper that emulates animal skin; used for documents, such as awards, that require writing by hand.

A sheet that is larger than the cut stock of the same paper.

Preparation of positive materials into a layout for photographing to film negatives.

Delamination.

Markings usually dotted lines at edges showing where perforations should occur.

A term used to describe the binding process where the signatures of a book are held together by a flexible adhesive.

Binding process where backs of sections are cut off, roughened and glued together, and rung in a cover.

Printing both sides of the paper (or other material) on the same pass through the printing machine.

A printing press that prints on both sides of the page in a single pass.

Punching small holes or slits in a sheet of paper or cardboard to facilitate tearing along a desired line.

Making printing plates by exposure of line and halftone negatives on sensitized metal, converting the image into an acid resist, and etching the print to the relief required for letterpress printing.

The platemaking process where plates are coated with photosensitive coatings and exposed to photo negatives or positives.

A photographic print creating an image using photography and electrostatic processes; also called a stat.

Standard of measurement, 1/6 inch. 1 pica = 12 points 72 points = 1 inch

When the tack of ink is stronger than the surface strength of the paper, some lifting of the paper surface occurs; this is referred to as picking.

An occurrence in printing whereby the tack of ink pulls fibers or coating off the paper surface, leaving spots on the printed surface.

A build up of pigment or paper coatings onto the plate, blankets or rollers.

Using metal pins fitted into preset holes of copy sheets, films, plates and presses that will assure the proper registration.

Failure of printed ink to form a completely continuous film, visible in the form of small holes in the printed areas.

A method of binding books whereby holes are drilled on the side closest the spine, and a plastic grasping device is inserted to hold the pages together.

An ink additive that adds flexibility, softness and adhesion.

Reproduction of type or cuts in metal, plastic, rubber, or other material, to form a plate bearing a relief, planographic or intaglio printing surface.

The cylinder on a printing press on which the plate is mounted.

Any bond, cover or bristol stock with an extremely smooth finish achieved by calendaring.

Making a printing plate from a film or flat including preparation of the plate surface, sensitizing, exposing through the flat, developing or processing, and finishing.

Film that contains an image with the same tonal values as the original; opposite of a negative.

Any paper that is considered better than #1 by its manufacturer.

A plate that has been treated with light sensitive coatings by the manufacturer.

Actual press sheet to show image, tone values and colors as well as imposition of frame or press-plate.

In printing the four primary colors are cyan (blue), magenta (red), yellow and black.

The quality of papers to show reproduced printed images.

Two consecutive pages as they appear on a flat or signature.

Printing inks, usually in sets of four colors. The most frequent combination is yellow, magenta, cyan, and black, which are printed, one over another in that order, to obtain a colored print with the desired hues, whites, blacks, and grays.

Printing from two or more half tones to produce intermediate colors and shades.

Any proofs made from the separate plates of a multi-plate-printing project.

Impression from composed type or blocks, taken for checking and correction, from a lithographic plate to check accuracy of layout, type matter, tone and color reproduction.

Guide sheet for the positioning of type, blocks, etc.

Two consecutive pages as they appear in printed piece.

500 sheets of paper.

Any substance that softens and reduces the tack of ink.

The master roll of paper as it comes off the papermaking machine. It is in its original width and is then cut into smaller rolls.

The arrangement of two or more images in exact alignment with each other.

Any crossmarks or other symbols used on layout to assure proper registration.

A term that denotes folds that are 90 degrees to each other.

A web press printing process where the roll of paper is printed and stored on a roll to be shipped.

That stage of printed ink where the maximum dryness is achieved, and the ink will not smudge.

A term given to copy that accommodates the lines of a picture or other image or copy.

A term used to describe how well a paper runs on a printing press.

Stitching where the wire staples pass through the spine from the outside and are clinched in the center. Only used with folded sections, either single sections or two or more sections inset to form a single section.

A paper that shows sign of erasure so that it cannot be altered or tampered with easily.

A smooth delicately embossed finished paper with sheen.

The enlargement or reduction of an image or copy to fit a specific area.

Impressions or cuts in flat material to facilitate bending or tearing.

The placement of halftone screens to avoid unwanted moire patterns. Frequently used angles are black 45deg, magenta 75deg, yellow 90deg, and cyan 105deg.

A measurement equaling the number of lines or dots per inch on a halftone screen.

A photo print made by using a halftone negative; also called a velox.

A cover made out of the same paper stock as the internal sheets.

The lowest density of a halftone image.

To decrease the dot size of the halftone which in turn decreases the color strength.

The printing of two different images on two different sides of a sheet of paper by turning the page over after the first side is printed and using the same gripper and side guides.

Ink that is smooth and creamy but does not flow freely.

A problem that occurs when the printing on one side of a sheet is seen from the other side.

The guides on the sides of the sheet fed press that position the sheet sideways as the paper is led towards the front guides.

Stitching where the wire staples pass through the pile of sections or leaves gathered upon each other and are clinched on the underside.

Printed sheet (or its flat) that consists of a number of pages of a book, placed so that they will fold and bind together as a section of a book. The printed sheet after folding.

A halftone with the background screen removed.

A term to describe the process of cutting of printed sheets by the cutting wheels of a printing press.

That quality of paper defined by its levelness which allows for pressure consistency in printing, assuring uniformity of print.

An excessively large halo around a dot in a photograph that causes a fringe that diminishes the dot intensity.

Back edge of a book.

A binding whereby a wire or plastic is spiraled through holes punched along the binding side.

Small area printed in a second color.

A film image that is larger than the original image to accommodate ink trapping. Reference, trapping

To bind a series of pages with wire staples such that staples enter from the front and back simultaneously, neither side being long enough to exit the opposite side.

The quality of paper to maintain its original size when it undergoes pressure and moisture changes.

A process of cutting many sheets from the same parent sheet in which the smaller sheets have different grain directions; also called dutch or bastard cutting.

A device on a printing press that minimizes the amount of static build up on paper as it passes through the press.

A process of generating multiple exposures by taking an image and stepping it according to a predetermined layout.

A proofreader's symbol that is usually written in the copy margin, that indicates that the copy, which was marked for correction, should be left as it was.

To add an element, such as copy that is shot separately, and then stripped into place on a goldenrod flat.

Originally, the removal of the photographic emulsion with its image from individual negatives and combining them in position on a glass plate. Now the use of stripfilm materials, and the cutting, attachment, and other operations for assembling. The positioning of positives and negatives on the flat before proceeding to platemaking.

Impressing book covers, etc., by means of hot die, brass types or blocks.

A machine procedure that produces a high finished paper surface that is extremely smooth and exceptional for printing.

Any petroleum based waterproof papers with a high tensile strength.

A dense, strong paper stock.

A paper's ability to withstand pressure.

A high quality printing paper.

A printing process whereby slow drying ink is applied to paper and while the ink is still wet, it is lightly dusted with a resinous powder. The paper then passes through a heat chamber where the powder melts and fuses with the ink to produce a raised surface.

A halftone screen that contains all the same sized dots.

A bright white pigment (opaque) used for printing on metal and flexible packaging.

The rough surfaced finish of papers such as vellum or antique.

Inks that do not block out the colored inks that they print over, but instead blend with them to create intermediate colors.

The process of printing wet ink over printed ink which may be wet or dry.

Marks placed on the sheet to indicate where to cut the page.

Papers that are not smoothed by going through the calendaring process.

A term used to describe how many similar sheets can be produced on a larger sheet; two up, four up, etc.

A term given to books bound on the longer dimension.

Also called a contact frame; used in the platemaking process to hold materials in tight contact during exposure.

A clear shiny ink used to add gloss to printed pieces. The primary component of the ink vehicle. Reference, vehicle.

A finish of paper that is rough, bulky and has a degree of tooth.

A term given to papers that are coated with an adhesive and then flock dusted.

A term given to the left-hand or even-numbered pages of a book.

Fade to white or small decorative design or illustration. A photo or illustration etc., in which the tones fade gradually away until they blend with the surface they are printed on.

A term given to the occurrence of plate deterioration of the image area during the printing process; usually occurs on long runs.

The procedure of cleaning a particular ink from all of the printing elements (rollers, plate, ink fountain etc.) of a press.

A translucent logo that is embossed during the papermaking process while the paper slurry is on the dandy roll. Reference, dandy roll

The roll of paper that is used in web or rotary printing.

Cylinder printing machine in which the paper is fed from a continuous reel, as opposed to sheet fed.

The ability of an ink film to accept subsequent ink films.

A single word or two left at the end of a paragraph, or a part of a sentence ending a paragraph, which loops over to the next page and stands alone. Also, the last sentence of a paragraph which contains only one or two short words.

A plate on which is wiped a light sensitive coating by a coating device; usually the first step in this type of platemaking.

That side of the paper which lies on the wire screen side of the papermaking machine.

To fasten together sheets, signatures, or sections with wire staples. 3 methods... saddle stitching, side stitching, and stabbing.

A smooth paper made on finely textured wire that gives the paper a gentle patterned finish.

Another name for bond paper.

The actual amount of force needed to start an ink flowing.